Dcp2 C-terminal cis-binding elements control selective targeting of the decapping enzyme by forming distinct...

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Yeast Genetics
• RNA Metabolism

Background:

• The decapping enzyme Dcp1-Dcp2 initiates mRNA decay in yeast.
• Mechanisms governing Dcp1-Dcp2 substrate specificity are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling Dcp1-Dcp2 mRNA target specificity.
• To identify regulatory elements and protein interactions dictating decapping enzyme function.

Main Methods:

• Extensive genetic analyses in yeast.
• Investigation of protein-binding motifs and complex formation.

Main Results:

• Dcp2 C-terminal domain cis-regulatory elements orchestrate distinct decapping complexes.
• Upf1, Edc3, Scd6, and Pat1 act as regulatory subunits of the holo-decapping enzyme.
• Specific binding motifs recruit Upf1, Edc3, Dhh1, Pat1, Scd6, and Xrn1 to Dcp2, controlling substrate targeting and activation.

Conclusions:

• Dcp1-Dcp2 substrate specificity is controlled by interactions with regulatory subunits.
• Formation of distinct decapping complexes dictates enzyme activity and mRNA targeting.
• This study reveals a regulatory network controlling mRNA decay pathways.