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Related Experiment Video

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Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
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Animal Models of ADHD?

S Clare Stanford1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK. c.stanford@ucl.ac.uk.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|May 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Animal models for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are evaluated for their ability to replicate core ADHD symptoms like inattentiveness and hyperactivity. This review assesses the validity of current models for studying ADHD neurobiology.

Keywords:
5-Choice serial reaction-time test (task)Colobama mouseContinuous performance test (task)Dopamine transporter gene knockout mouseNeonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned ratNeurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor gene knockout mouseObesitySpontaneously hypertensive ratTachykinin receptor-1 (TACR1)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattentiveness, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
  • Valid animal models are crucial for understanding ADHD's underlying causes and neurobiology.
  • Existing models often involve neurotoxic lesions, genetic modifications, or selective breeding in rodents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically appraise the validity of animal models used for ADHD research.
  • To determine if current models accurately reflect the core diagnostic features of ADHD.
  • To assess the suitability of these models for investigating ADHD's neurobiological underpinnings.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of experimental interventions used to create ADHD animal models.
  • Evaluation of behavioral outcomes in rodents following procedures like 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions.
  • Assessment of genetic alterations and selective inbreeding strategies for modeling ADHD impairments.

Main Results:

  • Various interventions produce animals exhibiting some ADHD-related impairments (inattentiveness, impulsivity, hyperactivity).
  • The extent to which these models fully capture the complexity of human ADHD requires careful validation.
  • The article examines the scientific basis for claims of successful ADHD modeling.

Conclusions:

  • The validity of animal models for ADHD is essential for meaningful research into the disorder.
  • Further scrutiny is needed to ensure models accurately represent ADHD's core symptoms and neurobiology.
  • Robust validation is key for advancing our understanding and treatment of ADHD.