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Extracellular fluid volume and composition changes during sodium pentobarbitone anaesthesia in the dog
The Japanese Journal of Physiology
|January 1, 1986
Summary
Sodium pentobarbitone anesthesia significantly increases extracellular fluid (ECF) volume in dogs, with plasma volume rising during prolonged anesthesia. These fluid shifts are linked to altered cell membranes and hemodynamics.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Anesthesiology
- Physiology
Background:
- General anesthesia with sodium pentobarbitone can alter fluid balance.
- Understanding fluid shifts during anesthesia is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in extracellular fluid (ECF) and plasma volumes during sodium pentobarbitone anesthesia in dogs.
- To elucidate the mechanisms behind fluid shifts under controlled physiological conditions.
Main Methods:
- Serial measurements of ECF and plasma volumes in dogs.
- Controlled arterial pH, pO2, pCO2, and blood pressure during anesthesia.
- Monitoring hematocrit, plasma protein, and electrolyte concentrations.
Main Results:
- Early, significant increase in ECF volume and decrease in hematocrit, plasma protein, and potassium during anesthesia.
- Plasma osmolality and sodium concentrations remained unchanged.
- Progressive plasma volume increase and ECF volume normalization during prolonged anesthesia.
Conclusions:
- Sodium pentobarbitone anesthesia induces significant early ECF expansion, potentially from bound sodium.
- Prolonged anesthesia leads to plasma volume expansion.
- Fluid shifts are primarily driven by altered cell membrane properties and hemodynamic changes.