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The Risk Factors of Cerebral Palsy among the Children Attending a Children's Hospital
Tulashi Adhikari Mishra1, Sarala Shrestha2, Bina Prajapati Manandhar3
1Tribhuwan University, Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj Nursing Campus, Kathmandu Nepal.
Insights
Identifying risk factors for cerebral palsy (CP) is crucial for prevention. This study found that infections during pregnancy, family history, instrumental delivery, and delayed crying after birth are significant risk factors for CP in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neurology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cerebral palsy (CP) is a nonprogressive neurological disorder affecting movement and posture, representing a leading cause of childhood physical disability.
- Understanding the risk factors associated with CP is essential for developing effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze the risk factors associated with the development of cerebral palsy in children.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 330 children (1:2 ratio of cases to controls) was conducted in Kathmandu, Nepal.
- Data were collected via a pretested interview schedule from November 2017 to May 2018.
- Statistical analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, and odds ratio.
Main Results:
- Significant risk factors for cerebral palsy included infection during pregnancy (OR: 2.9), family history of CP (OR: 5.6), instrumental delivery (OR: 10.9), and delayed crying after birth (OR: 17.3).
- Approximately 24.5% of CP cases were diagnosed within the first year of life, with a majority of cases being male (63.6%) and first-born children.
Conclusions:
- The identified risk factors for cerebral palsy are largely preventable and controllable.
- Emphasizing proper antenatal and skilled intranatal care is critical for preventing cerebral palsy.
Background:
Cerebral Palsy is a disorder of movement and posture caused by nonprogressive abnormal brain function. It is a lifelong condition and one of the most common causes of physical disability in children. The objective of this study was to find out the risk factors associated with cerebral palsy among children.
Methods:
A case control study was carried out among 330 children where cases and controls were taken in the ratio of 1:2. Cases included children diagnosed with cerebral palsy and attending neurological out-patient department of a Children's Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal and control included children not having cerebral palsy and attending medical out-patient department of the same hospital for other medical problems. The data were collected from November 29, 2017 to May 20, 2018 by using a pretested interview schedule. The findings were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and chi square test and odds ratio.
Results:
Findings revealed that about one-fourth (24.5%) cases were diagnosed to have CP within one year of age. In terms of sex majority (63.6%) of the cases were male and majority were the first born children. Findings also revealed that infection during pregnancy (OR:2.9, CI: 1.1-7.5), family history of cerebral palsy (OR:5.6, CI: 1.4-21.8), instrumental delivery (OR: 10.9, CI:2.3-50.6), not crying immediately after birth (OR: 17.3, CI: 8.6-34.6), were significantly associated with cerebral palsy.
Conclusions:
Most of the identified risk factors are preventable and controllable through proper antenatal and skilled intranatal care. Thus, every pregnant woman should receive proper care during pregnancy as well as during delivery for the prevention of the identified risk factors.
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