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Ammonia Emissions from Croplands Decrease with Farm Size in China.

Chen Wang1,2, Jiakun Duan1,2, Chenchen Ren2,3

  • 1College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Increasing farm size in China significantly reduces ammonia (NH3) emissions from croplands. This is mainly achieved through decreased nitrogen fertilizer use and improved farming techniques, contributing to agricultural sustainability and air quality.

Keywords:
agricultureammonia emissionscropsfarm sizefertilizer use

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry

Background:

  • Ammonia (NH3) emissions from croplands are influenced by farm size and agricultural practices.
  • Understanding the link between farm size and NH3 emissions is crucial for agricultural sustainability in China, a country with predominantly smallholder farms.
  • Current knowledge on the quantitative relationship between farm size and NH3 emissions in China is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between farm size and ammonia (NH3) emissions from croplands in China.
  • To quantify the impact of farm size changes on NH3 emission factors.
  • To explore the potential of farm consolidation for mitigating NH3 emissions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 863,000 agricultural surveys conducted across China in 2017.
  • Performed statistical analysis to determine the correlation between average farm size and NH3 emissions per unit area (kg ha-1).
  • Investigated variations in this relationship across different crops (maize, rice, wheat) and geographical regions.

Main Results:

  • A 1% increase in average farm size corresponds to a 0.07% decrease in NH3 emissions (kg ha-1).
  • Reductions in NH3 emissions are primarily driven by decreased nitrogen fertilizer application and more efficient fertilization methods.
  • Maize cultivation showed the most significant reduction in NH3 emissions with increasing farm size, followed by rice; wheat showed no significant change.
  • Lower NH3 emission factors were observed with increasing farm size in Northern China (especially Northeast), while the opposite trend was found in Southern China.

Conclusions:

  • Transitioning towards larger-scale farming systems in China offers substantial potential for reducing national NH3 emissions, possibly by half (1.5 Tg).
  • This shift can yield significant socioeconomic benefits and contribute to improved air quality.
  • Farm size is a critical, yet under-explored, factor in managing agricultural NH3 emissions and promoting sustainable farming practices.