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Two-Dimensional Supersolid Formation in Dipolar Condensates.

T Bland¹, E Poli², C Politi^1,2

¹Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.

Physical Review Letters

|May 27, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a two-dimensional supersolid using evaporative cooling, bypassing instability issues. This method produces a robust, stable supersolid, paving the way for large-scale arrays.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Dipolar condensates can form supersolid phases.
One-dimensional supersolids are typically formed via roton instability.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate two-dimensional (2D) supersolid formation.
Develop a method to create stable 2D supersolids.
Explore beyond-mean-field effects in 2D systems.

Main Methods:

Developed a finite-temperature stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii theory.
Incorporated beyond-mean-field effects.
Utilized evaporative cooling directly into the supersolid phase.
Experimentally produced a 2D supersolid in a near-circular trap.

Main Results:

The roton instability method fails for 2D supersolid formation, causing loss of coherence and order.
Evaporative cooling directly into the supersolid phase successfully creates a robust 2D supersolid.
The resulting 2D supersolid is stable at nonzero temperatures.
Experimental realization of a 2D supersolid was achieved.

Conclusions:

Direct evaporative cooling is a viable route to forming 2D supersolids.
This method bypasses the limitations of the roton instability in two dimensions.
The findings offer a pathway for creating large two-dimensional supersolid arrays.