Medical students' knowledge, attitudes and awareness toward organ donation

This survey study aimed to evaluate medical students' attitudes, knowledge, and awareness toward organ donation.

For this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, 1000 medical students were interviewed, out of which 950 students agreed to participate in the study and were enrolled. A questionnaire form consisting of 29 questions was used to determine the students' socio-demographic characteristics and rate their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about organ donation.

While 95.5% (n = 907) of the students stated that they had not donated organs, 41.1% stated that they had not yet decided to donate organs, and 59.7% stated that they had no specific reason for them not donating organs. Out of the participants, 68.1% stated that organ donation complies with the Islamic rules; 40.7% stated that the Directorate of Religious Affairs issued a fatwa on organ donation, and 39.4% stated that there are legal regulations on organ donation in the country. While 22.1% of the students stated that a person with brain death could come back to life, 19.7% stated that they did not know about this issue. The students who had donated organs and who did not show significant differences regarding the answers given to the questions about whether organ donation complies with religious rules (p < 0.001), where one must apply to donate organs (p = 0.032), the will to donate the organs of a relative with brain death (p = 0.004), and whether preaching in mosques and foundations is needed to increase organ donation rates (p = 0.042). Although there was a correlation between the students' grade and their attitude and knowledge about organ donation, this correlation was weak and showed no parallelism with increasing grades.

This study indicates that medical students have inadequate knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about organ donation. In our opinion, it is of paramount importance to provide physician candidates, who should set an example for society, with periodic training on organ donation throughout their academic life in shaping the national organ donation policy in the future.