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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Related Experiment Video

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Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
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Mindfulness-Enhanced Computerized Cognitive Training for Depression: An Integrative Review and Proposed Model

Mikell Bursky1,2, Dakota A Egglefield1,2, Sophie G Schiff1,2

  • 1Psychology Department, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Brain Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mindfulness-enhanced computerized cognitive training (MCCT) may rapidly improve depression by targeting executive function and emotion regulation deficits. This novel intervention combines cognitive and mindfulness training to address neural network dysregulation in depression.

Keywords:
cognitive control networkcomputerized cognitive trainingdefault-mode networkdepressionmindfulness

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Depression is linked to neurocognitive deficits in executive function (EF), processing speed (PS), and emotion regulation (ER), impacting treatment outcomes.
  • Computerized cognitive training (CCT) and mindfulness training show promise as adjuncts for depression, improving cognitive function and ER, respectively.
  • Both CCT and mindfulness influence the cognitive control network (CCN) and default-mode network (DMN), which are dysregulated in depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for CCT and mindfulness in depression treatment.
  • To discuss the neural networks (CCN and DMN) involved in depression, CCT, and mindfulness.
  • To propose a theoretical model for mindfulness-enhanced CCT (MCCT) targeting these neural mechanisms.
  • To suggest future research directions for MCCT in depression.

Main Methods:

  • Integrative review of existing literature on CCT, mindfulness, and depression.
  • Analysis of neural network interactions (CCN and DMN) related to these interventions.
  • Development of a theoretical framework for MCCT based on current evidence.

Main Results:

  • CCT and mindfulness training individually demonstrate efficacy in improving cognitive function, ER, and depressive symptoms.
  • Observed neural changes include DMN downregulation and CCN upregulation following training, correlating with symptom improvement.
  • MCCT presents a biologically plausible model for synergistic effects on depression by combining cognitive and mindfulness strategies.

Conclusions:

  • MCCT is a novel, theoretically sound intervention for depression, potentially offering faster symptom improvement.
  • Targeting both cognitive and emotional regulation deficits through MCCT may enhance treatment efficacy.
  • Further research is needed to empirically validate MCCT's effectiveness and underlying neural mechanisms in depression.