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Related Experiment Video

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Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
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Dynamic Changes in Seed Germination under Low-Temperature Stress in Maize.

Aiju Meng1, Daxing Wen1, Chunqing Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Low-temperature stress impacts maize seed germination. Resistant maize lines show higher antioxidant activity and specific gene upregulation, aiding survival under cold conditions.

Keywords:
low temperatureperoxidase activityphenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathwayribosometranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Low-temperature stress significantly affects maize seed germination.
  • Maize inbred lines exhibit varying degrees of low-temperature resistance.
  • Transcriptome-level dynamics of maize seed germination under cold stress are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic changes in maize seed germination under low-temperature stress at the transcriptome level.
  • To compare the physiological and molecular responses of low-temperature-resistant (RM) and low-temperature-sensitive (SM) maize inbred lines to cold stress.
  • To identify key genes and pathways involved in maize seed germination under low-temperature conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of germination speed and physiological indicators (antioxidant capacity, enzyme activities, malondialdehyde content) between RM and SM maize lines.
  • Transcriptome sequencing and analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
  • Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to determine functional categories and pathways affected by low-temperature stress.

Main Results:

  • The RM line exhibited faster germination speed and higher antioxidant capacity than the SM line under low-temperature stress.
  • Significant downregulation of ribosome, photosystem II, and heat shock protein binding genes was observed in the SM line.
  • Upregulation of ribosome and peroxidase (POD)-related genes was higher in the RM line, while POD-related genes were continuously upregulated in both lines.
  • Vitamin B6-related genes were specifically upregulated in the RM line.
  • Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, particularly involving peroxidase, was significantly enriched in both lines, especially in the RM line.

Conclusions:

  • Maize seed germination under low-temperature stress involves complex transcriptional reprogramming.
  • Antioxidant systems and specific gene expressions, such as those related to vitamin B6 and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, play crucial roles in conferring low-temperature resistance.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying maize cold tolerance during germination.