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Long Non-coding RNAs in Tuberculosis: From Immunity to Biomarkers
Xianyi Zhang1,2, Chan Chen2, Yuzhong Xu2
1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|May 31, 2022
Summary
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in the host immune response to tuberculosis (TB). Dysregulated lncRNAs offer potential as biomarkers for early TB diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a leading infectious cause of death globally.
- Current diagnostic tools lack the precision for early TB screening, necessitating novel approaches.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in host immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of how dysregulated lncRNAs impact host immunity during Mtb infection.
- To explore the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for tuberculosis.
- To discuss the clinical prospects of lncRNAs in TB management.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on lncRNAs and tuberculosis.
- Analysis of lncRNA expression patterns in host immune responses to Mtb.
- Evaluation of the role of lncRNAs in antibacterial processes like apoptosis and autophagy.
Main Results:
- Dysregulation of specific lncRNAs is associated with altered immune pathways in TB.
- Host-induced lncRNAs modulate key antibacterial mechanisms, influencing Mtb proliferation.
- Altered lncRNA expression profiles are linked to the host's immune status during infection.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs are critical regulators of the host immune response to tuberculosis.
- Dysregulated lncRNAs show promise as molecular biomarkers for early and precise TB diagnosis.
- Further research into lncRNAs could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TB.
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