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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Characterization of Aquatic Biofilms with Flow Cytometry
Published on: June 6, 2018
Relationships between extreme flows and microbial contamination in inland recreational swimming areas
Kathryn Vincent1, Danswell Starrs2, Victoria Wansink3
1Fenner School of the Environment, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Abstract:
Inland recreational swimming sites provide significant social value globally. This study focused on public recreational swimming sites across the Murrumbidgee River and its tributaries in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) throughout the swimming season (September-April) from 2009 to 2020 to determine whether high intestinal enterococci concentrations could be predicted with flow exceedance and routinely monitored physical and chemical parameters of water quality. Enterococci concentrations were positively correlated with the turbidity associated with high-flow conditions. The predictive accuracy of high enterococci levels during high-flow conditions was good (mean percentage correctly classified, 60%). The prediction of high enterococci levels at low flows was significantly less reliable (mean percentage correctly classified, 12-15%). As the ACT is expected to experience decreases in rainfall overall but increases in extreme rainfall events due to climate change, understanding the drivers of elevated intestinal enterococci under extreme flow conditions remains important from a public health perspective.
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