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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections in Children

Eric J Chow1, Janet A Englund2

  • 1Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356423, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|May 31, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause severe illness in children, including MIS-C and long COVID. Infection prevention, especially through vaccination, is crucial for protecting children and mitigating pandemic-related disparities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • While typically milder in children, SARS-CoV-2 infections can lead to severe outcomes like MIS-C and persistent post-acute symptoms.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected children due to infection and societal disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the spectrum of COVID-19 severity in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of infection prevention strategies.
  • To advocate for the inclusion of children in clinical trials for COVID-19 treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review and synthesis of current knowledge on pediatric COVID-19.
  • Analysis of reported cases of severe disease, MIS-C, and long COVID in children.
  • Examination of the impact of the pandemic on children's health and well-being.

Main Results:

  • Severe COVID-19 and associated complications like MIS-C can occur in children.
  • Children experience persistent post-acute symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Vaccination remains the most effective method for preventing infection and severe outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Infection prevention, particularly vaccination, is essential for protecting children from SARS-CoV-2.
  • Further research and clinical trials including children are necessary to establish optimal COVID-19 therapies.
  • Addressing the broader impacts of the pandemic on children is critical.

Keywords:
AdolescentsCOVID-19ChildrenMIS-CPediatricsSARS-CoV-2Vaccinations

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