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MICROBIAL isoprene production: an overview.

Jasmine Isar1, Dharmendra Jain1, Harshvardhan Joshi1

  • 1High Value Chemicals, Reliance Industries Limited, Reliance Corporate Park, Ghansoli, Navi Mumbai, 400701, India.

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|May 31, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bio-based isoprene production offers a sustainable alternative to petrochemical routes. Microbial cell factories are engineered for efficient fermentation, utilizing feedstocks like CO2 and waste gases for greener isoprene synthesis.

Keywords:
FermentationIsopreneMethyl erythritol pathwayMevalonate pathwayStrain development

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and metabolic engineering for sustainable chemical production.

Background:

  • Isoprene is a key C5 hydrocarbon precursor for synthetic rubber and natural products, traditionally derived from petrochemicals.
  • Petrochemical production contributes significantly to global warming via carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
  • Bio-based isoprene production using microbial factories presents a sustainable alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in microbial isoprene production.
  • To highlight strategies in rational strain development, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology.
  • To discuss challenges and future perspectives in lab and commercial-scale fermentation.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of naturally occurring isoprene pathways (mevalonate and methyl erythritol) in microbial hosts like E. coli.
  • Development of robust microbial strains for efficient fermentation using various feedstocks.
  • Investigation of novel approaches utilizing inorganic CO2 (cyanobacteria) or syngas (acetogens).

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in rational strain development for enhanced isoprene yield.
  • Successful implementation of fermentation processes using diverse feedstocks, including sustainable options.
  • Identification of key challenges in scaling up bio-based isoprene production.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial production of isoprene is a viable and sustainable alternative to petrochemical methods.
  • Continued research in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology is crucial for optimizing production.
  • Addressing fermentation process development challenges is key for commercial viability.