Antiulcer Activity of Herbal Medicines: A Review of Current Research

Peptic ulcers, a common digestive disorder, are characterized by an inflammatory response with necrotic lesions of the stomach mucosa. Peptic ulcers severely damage the mucosal lining of the stomach and duodenum. Numerous factors, such as smoking, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), acid and pepsin, genetics, and Helicobacter pylori, might contribute to it. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs), Histamine (H2) receptor antagonists, antacids, potassium-competitive acid blockers, and antibiotics are among the common drugs shown to have antiulcer properties. However, many studies have shown that herbal medicines can successfully treat peptic ulcers in preclinical and clinical models using a range of techniques. Many herbal medications and extracts from various parts, such as the root, stem, leaf, flower, and seed, have shown substantial ulcer-protective properties in experimental settings. The review also highlights the potential of herbal medicinal extracts.