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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Transit, Absorption and Dissolution Time01:02

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Transit, Absorption and Dissolution Time

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When drugs are administered extravascularly, a comprehensive evaluation through noncompartmental analysis becomes imperative. This analytical approach considers various parameters that play a crucial role in understanding the pharmacokinetics of these drugs.
One of the key parameters is the mean transit time (MTT), which refers to the total duration required for drug molecules to transit through the body. MTT is determined by calculating the ratio of the area under the moment curve to the area...
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Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution

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The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
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Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

982
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
982
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

270
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
270
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

1.1K
Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering CARS Microscopy Visualizes Pharmaceutical Tablets During Dissolution
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A generalized image analytical algorithm for investigating tablet disintegration.

Jian X Wu1, Emma Balantic2, Frans van den Berg3

  • 1Oral Delivery Technologies, Research & Early Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Denmark.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new image analytical algorithm offers user-independent quantification of tablet disintegration. This machine vision approach mimics human evaluation, improving tablet formulation development and understanding of disintegration mechanisms.

Keywords:
Image analysisImagingMultivariate data analysisTablet disintegrationTablet disintegration kinetics

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional tablet disintegration analysis relies on subjective visual observations, leading to user-dependent results.
  • Objective and reproducible methods are crucial for accurate tablet formulation development and quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a generally applicable image analytical algorithm for machine vision-based quantification of tablet disintegration.
  • To establish a user-independent method for assessing tablet disintegration, overcoming limitations of visual evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an image analytical algorithm for machine vision-based tablet disintegration quantification.
  • Testing the algorithm with diverse tablet types: immediate release, erosion-based, and slow-release polymeric systems.
  • Assessing reproducibility with commercial tablets and differentiation capability with model compacts.

Main Results:

  • The developed algorithm demonstrated general applicability across different disintegration mechanisms without parameter adaptation.
  • The image analytical method showed high reproducibility and could effectively differentiate various model compacts.
  • The algorithm successfully mimics human decision-making in visual disintegration time evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • The image analytical algorithm provides a user-independent and reproducible method for quantifying tablet disintegration.
  • This approach facilitates optimal tablet formulation development and enhances understanding of excipient and manufacturing process influences on disintegration.