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Association of Endothelin-Converting Enzyme and Endothelin-1 Gene Polymorphisms with Essential Hypertension in Malay
Elnaz Salim1, Vasudevan Ramachandran2, Neda Ansari1
1Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Objectives:
Endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor, generated by enzymatic cleavage catalyzed by an endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE), plays a significant role in the regulation of hypertension.
Methods:
This study investigates the effect of endothelin-1 (Lys198Asn/rs5370) and ECE (rs212526 C/T) gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension (EH) among Malay ethnics. To determine the association of gene polymorphism, 177 hypertensives and controls (196) were genotyped using Taqman method.
Results:
A significant difference was observed in ET-1 rs5370 and ECE rs212526 gene polymorphisms between EH and control subjects (P < 0.001). A significantly high body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lipid profiles were observed among the EH patients when compared to controls (P < 0.05). Moreover, T allele (rs5370) carriers in males have a high risk for EH. There was no significant association between gender in ECE C/T polymorphisms (P > 0.05).
Conclusion:
Based on our result, it is evident that the T allele of ET-1 rs5370 polymorphism and C allele of ECE rs212526 have a significant genetic risk factor in EH among Malay subjects, and BMI and age are associated with hypertension.
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