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The First 110,593 COVID-19 Patients Hospitalised in Lombardy: A Regionwide Analysis of Case Characteristics, Risk

Nicole Mauer1,2, Greta Chiecca1, Greta Carioli1

  • 1Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

International Journal of Public Health
|June 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in Lombardy peaked in March and November 2020. Older patients and those with comorbidities faced significantly higher mortality risks, highlighting critical public health needs.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems globally.
  • Understanding regional variations in disease burden and mortality is crucial for effective crisis management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the monthly trends of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in Lombardy, Italy during 2020.
  • To determine the case-fatality rates (CFR) and identify predictors of mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of de-identified COVID-19 hospitalization data from February 1 to December 31, 2020.
  • Kaplan-Meier method for overall survival (OS) estimation.
  • Cox regression models to assess the impact of patient demographics and comorbidities on OS.

Main Results:

  • Peak hospitalizations and deaths were observed in March and November 2020.
  • Patients aged 70 years and older had a substantially increased risk of death (up to 180 times higher).
  • Comorbidities, including hypertension and diabetes, were associated with a higher risk of mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the pandemic's impact on the Italian healthcare system.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and robust health system planning for future crises.
  • Data can inform regional and large-scale strategies for pandemic preparedness and response.

Keywords:
COVID-19Coronavirus diseaseItalyLombardySARS-CoV-2epidemiologyhospital admission statisticshospital records

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