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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
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Fibular hemimelia.

Tiberiu Georgescu1,2, Olivia Ionescu3, Oana Daniela Toader1,2

  • 1National Institute of Mother and Child Care Alessandrescu-Rusescu, Bucharest, Romania.

Journal of Medicine and Life
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fibular hemimelia is a rare congenital disorder involving the absence of the fibula bone. Prenatal diagnosis is uncommon, despite associated limb and potential visceral anomalies.

Keywords:
absent fibulabowed tibiaprenatal diagnosis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Medical Genetics
  • Prenatal Diagnosis

Background:

  • Fibular hemimelia is a congenital limb deficiency characterized by partial or complete absence of the fibula.
  • It frequently presents with associated anomalies, including foot deformities and absent digital rays.
  • The condition can be isolated or part of a broader spectrum of anomalies, potentially involving visceral structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on the prenatal diagnosis of fibular hemimelia.
  • To highlight the rarity of in-utero detection of this condition.
  • To underscore the importance of recognizing associated anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Searched databases for case reports and studies detailing prenatal diagnosis of fibular hemimelia.
  • Synthesized findings regarding diagnostic methods and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Prenatal diagnosis of fibular hemimelia is infrequently reported in the medical literature.
  • A wide range of associated skeletal and foot deformities are noted.
  • Association with visceral anomalies can occur, complicating the clinical picture.

Conclusions:

  • Fibular hemimelia diagnosis before birth is challenging and rare.
  • Early recognition is crucial for management planning and genetic counseling.
  • Further research into improved prenatal detection methods is warranted.