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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

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Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
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Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
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In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
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Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO&#8226;) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO&#8226; Signals in Single Cells
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Nitric Oxide-Biosignal-Responsive Polypeptide Nanofilaments.

Renjie Liu1, Miaomiao Xu1, Qiang Yan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

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|June 1, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel polypeptide nanofilaments that disassemble in response to nitric oxide (NO). This NO-responsive system shows promise for targeted drug delivery in diseases associated with NO signaling.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Chemical Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial gasotransmitter involved in various biological signaling pathways.
  • Developing smart, responsive materials is key for precise diagnosis and therapy of NO-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a self-assembled polypeptide system with high sensitivity and selectivity for nitric oxide.
  • To engineer NO-responsive nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized amphiphilic polypeptides with an o-phenylenediamine-functionalized poly(l-glutamate) segment (PEOPA).
  • Investigated the self-assembly of PEOPA into rigid filament nanostructures driven by alpha-helical structures and hydrogen bonding.
  • Demonstrated NO-induced cleavage of the OPA motifs, leading to nanostructure disassembly.

Main Results:

  • PEOPA polypeptides self-assemble into stable filament nanostructures.
  • These nanofilaments exhibit extraordinary sensitivity and selectivity to nitric oxide.
  • Biologically relevant levels of NO trigger the dissociation of the polypeptide assemblies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polypeptide nanofilaments serve as effective NO-activated nanocarriers.
  • This NO-responsive disassembly mechanism holds significant potential for drug delivery in pathological conditions characterized by altered NO levels.