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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Imaging the inflammatory phenotype in migraine.

Rune Häckert Christensen1, Cédric Gollion1,2, Faisal Mohammad Amin1,3

  • 1Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.

The Journal of Headache and Pain
|June 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Neuroimaging reveals distinct neuroinflammation patterns in migraine subtypes. While hemiplegic migraine shows increased vascular permeability, other types exhibit microglial and parameningeal inflammation, highlighting the need for advanced imaging techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Migraine pathophysiology is increasingly linked to neuroinflammation.
  • Neuroimaging techniques allow in vivo investigation of neuroinflammation in migraine patients.
  • A comprehensive overview of existing neuroimaging evidence for neuroinflammation in migraine is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize existing neuroimaging data on neuroinflammation in various migraine subtypes.
  • To identify patterns of neuroinflammation across different migraine classifications.
  • To pinpoint gaps in current research and suggest future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of Pubmed and Embase databases.
  • Inclusion of 20 studies covering migraine without aura, migraine with aura, and hemiplegic migraine.
  • Analysis of imaging findings related to vascular permeability, macrophage, and microglia activity.

Main Results:

  • Macrophage activation was not observed in migraine without aura.
  • Migraine with aura showed evidence of microglial and parameningeal inflammation.
  • Increased vascular permeability was primarily associated with hemiplegic migraine, but atypical in other subtypes.
  • Many studies focused on vascular permeability using potentially suboptimal tools.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroimaging reveals distinct inflammatory signatures in different migraine types.
  • Current imaging approaches may not be optimal for detecting all aspects of neuroinflammation in migraine.
  • Future research should employ novel, sensitive techniques and specific imaging tracers to better understand migraine neuroinflammation.