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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-State Polymer Electrolytes Based on AB3-Type Miktoarm Star Copolymers.

Daeyeon Lee1, Ha Young Jung1, Moon Jeong Park1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea.

ACS Macro Letters
|June 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Star copolymers with three poly(ethylene oxide) arms showed improved ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. This design offers tunable lithium ion transport for advanced solid-state polymer electrolytes.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Solid-state polymer electrolytes are crucial for next-generation batteries.
  • Conventional block copolymers face limitations in conductivity and mechanical stability.
  • Miktoarm star copolymers offer a novel architecture for enhanced material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of miktoarm star copolymers (PS-(PEO)3) as solid-state electrolytes.
  • To compare their ionic conductivity and mechanical strength with traditional PS-PEO diblock copolymers.
  • To understand the structure-property relationships influencing lithium ion transport.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of PS-(PEO)3 miktoarm star copolymers.
  • Characterization of copolymer morphology and domain size.
  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to measure ionic conductivity.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry to study thermal transitions.
  • Lithium salt doping to evaluate electrolyte performance.

Main Results:

  • PS-(PEO)3 copolymers exhibited 2-30 times higher ionic conductivity and mechanical strength than PS-PEO diblock copolymers.
  • Reduced domain sizes were observed in PS-(PEO)3 due to entropic constraints on PEO chain stretching.
  • Vanishing of the melting transition and an order of magnitude increase in room temperature conductivity were achieved with lithium salt doping under confinement.

Conclusions:

  • The architecture of connecting poly(ethylene oxide) chains to hard polymers significantly impacts lithium ion transport.
  • Miktoarm star copolymers provide a tunable platform for designing high-performance solid-state polymer electrolytes.
  • This study paves the way for innovative designs in solid-state battery technology.