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Related Concept Videos

Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves01:19

Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves

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Sieve analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of aggregate materials. This process involves the following steps:
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Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II01:19

Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II

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In the application of the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, two specific scenarios can arise that complicate stability analysis.
The first scenario occurs when a singular zero appears in the first column of the Routh table. This situation creates a division by zero issues. To resolve this, a small positive or negative number, denoted as epsilon (∈), is substituted for the zero. The stability analysis proceeds by assuming a sign for ∈. If ∈ is positive, any sign change in the first...
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Routh-Hurwitz Criterion I01:15

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Consider an electrical power grid, where stability is essential to prevent blackouts. The Routh-Hurwitz criterion is a valuable tool for assessing system stability under varying load conditions or faults. By analyzing the closed-loop transfer function, the Routh-Hurwitz criterion helps determine whether the system remains stable.
To apply the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, a Routh table is constructed. The table's rows are labeled with powers of the complex frequency variable s, starting from the...
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Deformation in a Circular Shaft01:10

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Directed Cellular Self-Assembly to Fabricate Cell-Derived Tissue Rings for Biomechanical Analysis and Tissue Engineering
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Topological Sieving of Rings According to Their Rigidity.

Stefano Iubini1, Enzo Orlandini1,2, Davide Michieletto3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy.

ACS Macro Letters
|June 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We discovered topological sieving, a new method using ring-substrate interactions to separate nanoscopic circular polymers by flexibility. This mechanism enables precise filtration and substrate analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Physics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Nanoscopic circular polymers exhibit complex mechanical behaviors in confined environments.
  • Understanding and controlling polymer separation is crucial for nanotechnology and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel mechanism for resolving the mechanical rigidity of nanoscopic circular polymers.
  • To enable selective sieving of circular polymers based on their flexibility.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to observe polymer behavior.
  • A simple analytical model was developed to describe the observed phenomena.

Main Results:

  • A regime of negative differential mobility was identified, driven by topological interactions between polymer rings and substrates.
  • The model accurately predicted the sieving process observed in simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Topological sieving offers a new method for separating circular polymers by flexibility.
  • The proposed mechanism is experimentally verifiable and applicable to improving filtration technologies.
  • This approach can also be used to probe microscopic details of complex substrates.