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Serum Cytokines Predict the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease Without Acute Myocardial Infarction
Sheng Liu1, Chenyang Wang1, Jinzhu Guo2
1Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Insights
Serum levels of IL-12p70 and IL-17, along with clinical factors like HDL-C, gender, and diabetes, predict severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This finding aids in risk stratification for suspected CAD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cytokines play a role in atherosclerosis, but their association with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in non-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients is under-researched.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for accurate risk assessment in patients with suspected CAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between serum cytokine levels and the severity of coronary atherosclerotic lesions in patients with suspected CAD but without AMI.
- To identify independent predictors of severe CAD in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- 502 patients with suspected CAD underwent coronary angiography.
- Serum cytokine levels (including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ) were measured using flow cytometry.
- CAD severity was quantified using the Gensini score (GS).
Main Results:
- Lower serum levels of IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-17, and IFN-α were observed in patients with severe CAD (GS≥30).
- IL-12p70 and IL-17 showed a negative correlation with CAD severity.
- Multivariate logistic regression identified IL-12p70, IL-17, HDL-C, gender, and diabetes as independent predictors of severe CAD.
Conclusions:
- Serum cytokines IL-12p70 and IL-17, combined with clinical factors (HDL-C, gender, diabetes), can help identify patients with severe coronary artery lesions among those with suspected CAD but no AMI.
- This combination may aid in risk stratification, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Introduction:
Various cytokines were involved in the process of atherosclerosis, and their serum levels were correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD) to varying degrees. However, there were limited reports about the correlation between serum cytokines and the severity of coronary atherosclerotic lesion in patients with non-acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum cytokines and the severity of CAD, and identify the predictors of severe CAD in patients suspected to have CAD but AMI had been ruled out.
Methods:
A total of 502 patients who had suspected CAD and underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-α,and IFN-γ were determined by multiplexed particle-based flow cytometric assays technology. And the severity of CAD was evaluated by Gensini score (GS).
Results:
The serum levels of IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-17, and IFN-α were significantly lower in the severe CAD group (GS≥30) than those in the non-severe CAD group (GS < 30). And IL-12p70 and IL-17 were negatively correlated with the severity of CAD. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that two serum cytokines (IL-12p70 and IL-17), one clinical protective factor (HDL-C), and two clinical risk factors (gender and diabetes) were the independent predictors of severe CAD. ROC curve analysis showed that multivariate mode combined these predictors had a good performance in predicting severe CAD.
Conclusion:
The combination of serum cytokines (IL-12p70 and IL-17) and clinical risk factors (HDL-C, gender, and diabetes) may help identify patients with more severe coronary artery lesions from those with suspected CAD but not AMI, and may contribute to guiding the risk stratification for patients with chest discomfort in health care facilities without sufficient medical resources (especially cardiac catheterization resources).
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