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The latent structure of global scientific development.
Lili Miao1, Dakota Murray1, Woo-Sung Jung2,3
1Center for Complex Networks and Systems Research, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Nature Human Behaviour
|June 2, 2022
Summary
Nations exhibit a three-cluster structure in scientific development, with individual research becoming more diverse but global science increasingly specialized. This reveals universal patterns for science policy.
Area of Science:
- Scientific development
- Global science organization
- Research portfolio evolution
Background:
- National scientific development is influenced by geography, history, and economics.
- Universal structures and trajectories of national scientific development are not well understood.
- Forecasting and policy-making for science require insights into development patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify universal structures and trajectories in national scientific development.
- To analyze the organization of global science through national scientific exports.
- To connect scientific development patterns with economic development.
Main Methods:
- Examined scientific publications (exports) indexed in international databases.
- Analyzed the relatedness network of scientific disciplines.
- Traced the evolution of national research portfolios over time.
Main Results:
- Identified a three-cluster structure in the network of disciplines underpinning national science.
- Observed that nations are individually diversifying their research profiles.
- Found that global scientific production has become increasingly specialized in recent decades.
Conclusions:
- Uncovered an underlying structure to national scientific development.
- Connected scientific development patterns with economic development.
- Offered a new perspective on the evolution of global science and its organization.
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