Gunshot residues found at the exit wound: a case report

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Ballistics
• Toxicology

Background:

• Gunshot residues (GSRs) are crucial in forensic investigations, typically associated with bullet entry wounds.
• Conventional understanding suggests GSRs are absent at exit wounds due to complete propellant combustion.

Observation:

• This case report details a suicidal headshot where unburned powder particles, characteristic of GSRs, were found around the exit wound.
• The presence of tube-like, cuboid, and flake-formed particles was noted, alongside residues inside the firearm's muzzle.

Findings:

• The study challenges the assumption that GSRs are exclusively found at entry wounds.
• A significant number of unburned propellant particles were observed at the exit wound, contrary to expectations for the weapon's barrel length.

Implications:

• The findings underscore the need to investigate exit wounds for GSRs, regardless of perceived propellant burn-up.
• Thorough examination of incidence scene photographs is vital for comprehensive forensic analysis.
• This case broadens the understanding of GSR deposition in firearm-related incidents.