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A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
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Nonreciprocal Single-Photon Band Structure.

Jiang-Shan Tang1,2, Wei Nie3,4, Lei Tang1

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Researchers demonstrate nonreciprocal single-photon band structures using chiral quantum emitters (QEs) in optical waveguides. This enables high-fidelity single-photon circulators and protected one-way propagation, advancing quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Photonic integrated circuits

Background:

  • Chiral coupling in optical systems can break time-reversal symmetry.
  • Nonreciprocal phenomena are crucial for advanced photonic devices.
  • Quantum emitters (QEs) offer novel ways to control light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate single-photon band structures in a chiral quantum emitter-coupled waveguide.
  • To explore the emergence of nonreciprocal phenomena like edge states and band gaps.
  • To demonstrate the application of this system in creating high-performance single-photon circulators.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study of a one-dimensional coupled-resonator optical waveguide with chiral quantum emitters.
  • Analysis of the band structure, including edge states, band gaps, and flat bands.
  • Numerical simulation and design of a frequency-multiplexed single-photon circulator within the nonreciprocal band gap.

Main Results:

  • Emergence of nonreciprocal single-photon edge states, band gaps, and flat bands due to chiral QE coupling.
  • Demonstration of high-fidelity, low-insertion-loss frequency-multiplexed single-photon circulators.
  • Observation of protected one-way propagation of single photons, preventing backscattering.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral quantum emitter-waveguide systems provide a novel platform for unconventional photonic band structures.
  • This approach enables the realization of advanced quantum optical devices without magnetic fields.
  • The findings pave the way for new applications in quantum information processing and sensing.