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Related Concept Videos

Gyroscope: Precession01:24

Gyroscope: Precession

Precession can be demonstrated effectively through a spinning top. If a spinning top is placed on a flat surface near the surface of the Earth at a vertical angle and is not spinning, it will fall over due to the force of gravity producing a torque acting on its center of mass. However, if the top is spinning on its axis, it precesses about the vertical direction, rather than topple over due to this torque. Precessional motion is a combination of a steady circular motion of the axis and the...
Gyroscope01:02

Gyroscope

A gyroscope is defined as a spinning disk in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When spinning, the orientation of the spin axis is unaffected by the orientation of the body that encloses it. The body or vehicle enclosing the gyroscope can be moved from place to place, while the orientation of the spin axis remains the same. This makes gyroscopes very useful in navigation, especially where magnetic compasses cannot be used, such as in crewed and crewless spacecraft,...
Coriolis Force01:23

Coriolis Force

An accelerating particle experiences a force equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration in an inertial frame of reference. Consider a particle in a non-inertial frame of reference, such as a sliding ball on a rotating table. The acceleration of the ball in this rotating reference frame is different than in the intertial frame, which modifies its equation of motion. The fictitious forces acting additionally on a rotating frame of reference alter Newton's Second Law expression. Centripetal...
Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...
Dynamics Of Circular Motion: Applications01:17

Dynamics Of Circular Motion: Applications

Suppose a car moves on flat ground and turns to the left. The centripetal force causing the car to turn in a circular path is due to friction between the tires and the road. For this, a minimum coefficient of friction is needed, or the car will move in a larger-radius curve and leave the roadway. Let's now consider banked curves, where the slope of the road helps in negotiating the curve. The greater the angle of the curve, the faster one can take the curve. It is common for race tracks for...
Dynamics of Circular Motion01:30

Dynamics of Circular Motion

An object undergoing circular motion, like a race car, is accelerating because it is changing the direction of its velocity. This centrally directed acceleration is called centripetal acceleration. This acceleration acts along the radius of the curved path (thus is also referred to as radial acceleration).
Any acceleration must be produced by some force. Therefore, any force or combination of forces can cause centripetal acceleration. A few examples include the tension in the rope on a...

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Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
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Cusp-singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect for sensitive chip-scale gyroscopes.

Sen Zhang1, Dingbang Xiao1, Fei Wang2

  • 1College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China.

Nature
|May 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers enhanced Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVGs) using third-order singularities. This innovation significantly boosts sensitivity and precision in chip-scale gyroscopes for advanced rotation measurements.

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Published on: October 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Gyroscopes are essential inertial sensors for rotation measurement across various industries.
  • Chip-scale Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVGs) offer size and cost benefits but suffer from lower performance due to weak Coriolis factors and Brownian noise.
  • Existing CVGs face fundamental limits in sensitivity scaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the performance limitations of chip-scale CVGs.
  • To enhance the Coriolis factor and improve signal-to-noise ratio and precision.
  • To demonstrate a novel method for ultrasensitive phase-modulated measurements in micro-gyroscopes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized third-order singularities within cusp catastrophes in phase-tracked oscillations of on-chip CVGs.
  • Implemented a cubic-root scaling of Coriolis-effect-induced frequency modulation.
  • Experimentally demonstrated the singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a three-orders-of-magnitude enhancement in the Coriolis factor.
  • Reported a 253-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and a 297-fold increase in precision.
  • Demonstrated ultrasensitive phase-modulated sublinear measurement with record performance for silicon-chip gyroscopes.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a revolutionary advancement in gyroscope technology by enabling singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect observation and control.
  • The findings pave the way for more sensitive and precise chip-scale gyroscopes.
  • The demonstrated principles have potential applications in other ultrasensitive sensing technologies.