Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores02:26

Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores

27.5K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
27.5K
Overview of Metabolism01:40

Overview of Metabolism

32.3K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
32.3K
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

15.2K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
15.2K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

5.8K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

4.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
4.6K
Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane01:18

Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane

2.1K
Proteins targeted to the inner chloroplast membrane, or plastid proteins, are transported by two general pathways: the stop-transfer and the re-insertion or post-import pathways. Most plastid proteins carry N-terminal transit sequences and internal import sequences targeting it to the specific chloroplast subcompartment. Proteins targeted by the stop-transfer pathway have internal hydrophobic sequences that inhibit their translocation into the stroma. As a result, these precursors are arrested...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Disrupting SnRK1β1A confers broad-spectrum resistance to fungal pathogens.

Trends in plant science·2026
Same author

An NLR-TF immune module under asymmetric selection shapes rice immunity and yield.

Molecular plant·2026
Same author

Dual regulation of RNase P subunit Rpp30 by an acetyltransferase and E3 ligase in rice immunity.

Plant physiology·2026
Same author

A Conserved Magnaporthe oryzae Effector Counteracts the Rice Ubiquitin-Proteasome System by Disrupting the E2 Function to Suppress Immunity.

Plant biotechnology journal·2026
Same author

Systemic Delivery of Functional Proteins Into Plants Using an Engineered Membrane Translocation Domain.

Plant biotechnology journal·2026
Same author

A phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination switch orchestrates nuclear immune reprogramming upon chitin perception.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
10:07

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

24.1K

Mitochondrial functions in plant immunity.

Jiyang Wang1, Guojuan Xu2, Yuese Ning3

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.

Trends in Plant Science
|June 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondria are crucial for plant immunity, actively defending against pathogen infections. However, pathogens can target mitochondria to suppress these host defenses, highlighting a complex interplay in plant-host interactions.

More Related Videos

Isolation and Respiratory Measurements of Mitochondria from Arabidopsis thaliana
09:54

Isolation and Respiratory Measurements of Mitochondria from Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: January 5, 2018

15.5K
Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem
11:50

Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem

Published on: October 1, 2015

22.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
10:07

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

24.1K
Isolation and Respiratory Measurements of Mitochondria from Arabidopsis thaliana
09:54

Isolation and Respiratory Measurements of Mitochondria from Arabidopsis thaliana

Published on: January 5, 2018

15.5K
Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem
11:50

Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem

Published on: October 1, 2015

22.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mitochondria, the energy powerhouses of cells, are increasingly recognized for their vital roles in cellular defense mechanisms.
  • Pathogen infection involves the delivery of effectors into host cells, some of which specifically target mitochondria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding mitochondrial functions during plant immune responses.
  • To explore how pathogens manipulate mitochondria to evade or suppress host defenses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on mitochondria and plant immunity.
  • Analysis of studies detailing pathogen effector interactions with mitochondria.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondria actively participate in plant defense by modulating metabolism, signaling pathways, and programmed cell death.
  • Pathogen effectors can alter mitochondrial morphology, metabolism, and function to compromise plant immunity.
  • Mitochondria coordinate with other organelles to amplify immune signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondria are central players in plant immunity, involved in both defense and susceptibility.
  • Understanding pathogen strategies targeting mitochondria is crucial for developing new disease resistance approaches in plants.