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Updated: Sep 21, 2025

Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples

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Published on: June 30, 2023

COVID-19 waves: variant dynamics and control.

Abhishek Dutta¹

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. abhishek.dutta@uconn.edu.

Scientific Reports

|June 6, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 variant waves undermine public health efforts. Mathematical modeling reveals the unvaccinated fueled the Delta variant surge, but planned vaccination strategies can effectively control infections.

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Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Mathematical Modeling
Public Health Interventions

Background:

COVID-19 variants continue to drive infection waves, challenging existing control measures.
Previous interventions like vaccines and restrictions have faced limitations against variant-driven surges.

Purpose of the Study:

To model and analyze the impact of COVID-19 variants on infection dynamics.
To identify the primary drivers of the second major novel coronavirus wave in the US.
To develop and evaluate a feedback control-based vaccination strategy.

Main Methods:

Utilized a susceptible-infected-quarantined-recovered-vaccinated-deceased (SIQRVD) coupled dynamics model.
Incorporated vaccination, quarantine, and restriction policies as modulating factors.
Derived a feedback control strategy for planned vaccination.

Main Results:

The model demonstrated that the Delta variant drove the second major COVID-19 wave in the US.
The unvaccinated population was identified as the main driver of the rapid surge in infectious cases.
The proposed vaccination strategy effectively suppressed the surge in infections.

Conclusions:

Variant-driven COVID-19 waves necessitate adaptive control strategies.
Targeting vaccination efforts towards the unvaccinated is crucial for mitigating surges.
Feedback control offers a promising approach for optimizing vaccination strategies to control infectious disease outbreaks.