Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 20, 2025

An Enrichment Method for Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Liver Cancer Tissue
Published on: February 3, 2023
Extracellular vesicles carry distinct proteo-transcriptomic signatures that are different from their cancer cell of
Tzu-Yi Chen1,2, Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova2,3, Taliah Soleymani1,2
1Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, USA.
Abstract:
Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain molecular footprints-lipids, proteins, RNA, and DNA-from their cell of origin. Consequently, EV-associated RNA and proteins have gained widespread interest as liquid-biopsy biomarkers. Yet, an integrative proteo-transcriptomic landscape of EVs and comparison with their cell of origin remains obscure. Here, we report that EVs enrich distinct proteo-transcriptome that does not linearly correlate with their cell of origin. We show that EVs enrich endosomal and extracellular proteins, small RNA (∼13-200 nucleotides) associated with cell differentiation, development, and Wnt signaling. EVs cargo specific RNAs (RNY3, vtRNA, and MIRLET-7) and their complementary proteins (YBX1, IGF2BP2, and SRSF1/2). To ensure an unbiased and independent analyses, we studied 12 cancer cell lines, matching EVs (inhouse and exRNA database), and serum EVs of patients with prostate cancer. Together, we show that EV-RNA-protein complexes may constitute a functional interaction network to protect and regulate molecular access until a function is achieved.
Related Concept Videos
Overview of Exosomes
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Metastasis
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Overview of Secretory Vesicles
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia
Vesicular Tubular Clusters
With the help of motor proteins such...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

