Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Skull

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...

Veins of Head and Neck

Veins of Head and Neck

The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles

There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.

Sutures of the Skull

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Arterial Anatomy of the Parasellar Area.

Journal of neuroendovascular therapy·2023

Same author

Microcatheter Re-Shaping Using Fusion Image in Coil Embolization: A Technical Note.

Journal of neuroendovascular therapy·2023

Same author

A Protocol of Infection Control for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Possible COVID-19 Patients: Tokai University COVID-19 Manual.

Journal of neuroendovascular therapy·2023

Same author

Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19 and Their Accuracy: Important Information for Physicians Caring for Patients with Stroke.

Journal of neuroendovascular therapy·2023

Same author

Results of an International Questionnaire Investigating Changes in Acute Stroke Management between Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Journal of neuroendovascular therapy·2023

Same author

Cerebrovascular Reserve Impairment in the Anterior Cerebral Artery Territory Predicts Deep Temporal Artery Enlargement After Combined Revascularization Surgery in Moyamoya Disease.

World neurosurgery·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow

Published on: April 11, 2025

[Skull Base Vessel Anatomy].

Kittipong Srivatanakul¹

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Tokai University School of Medicine.

No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery

|June 7, 2022

Summary

Mastering skull base vascular anatomy is crucial for interventional neuroradiology. This article simplifies complex arterial and venous structures, aiding safe and effective procedures like tumor embolization.

Area of Science:

Interventional Neuroradiology
Neuroanatomy
Vascular Anatomy

Background:

The skull base presents complex arterial and venous anatomy, challenging for interventional neuroradiologists.
A systematic approach to learning basic structures and rules is essential for mastering this area.
Accurate identification of vascular structures on angiographic images is critical for procedural safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize essential arterial and venous vascular structures of the skull base.
To facilitate learning by outlining extracranial to intracranial anastomoses and dural arterial supply.
To describe venous structures including the cavernous sinus and craniocervical junction.

Main Methods:

Review and summarization of key anatomical literature.

More Related Videos

Intraventricular Drug Delivery and Sampling for Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study

Intraventricular Drug Delivery and Sampling for Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study

Published on: March 31, 2022

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

Published on: February 2, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow

Published on: April 11, 2025

Intraventricular Drug Delivery and Sampling for Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study

Intraventricular Drug Delivery and Sampling for Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study

Published on: March 31, 2022

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

Published on: February 2, 2015

Focus on basic anatomical principles and structures.

Emphasis on practical identification of vessels on angiographic imaging.

Main Results:

Detailed description of important vascular structures at the skull base.
Explanation of extracranial to intracranial anastomoses and dural arterial supply.
Characterization of venous anatomy, including the cavernous sinus and craniocervical junction.

Conclusions:

Understanding skull base vascular anatomy is fundamental for safe interventional neuroradiology.
Knowledge of anastomoses is vital for planning procedures such as tumor embolization.
This summary aims to enhance practical angiographic identification skills for neuroradiologists.