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Impairment of 7F2 osteoblast function by simulated partial gravity in a Random Positioning Machine.

Justin Braveboy-Wagner¹, Peter I Lelkes²

¹Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

NPJ Microgravity

|June 7, 2022

Summary

Reduced gravity impairs osteoblast function, affecting bone formation. Gene expression changes show a threshold response to partial gravity, distinct from other cellular functions, impacting future space exploration.

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Area of Science:

Space Biology
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Reduced gravity poses challenges to human spaceflight, impacting bone health.
Osteoblast function, crucial for bone formation, is known to decrease in microgravity.
The effects of partial gravity on osteoblasts remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of simulated partial gravity on osteoblast function.
To compare the responses of osteoblasts to Mars, Moon, and microgravity conditions.
To analyze gene expression, proliferation, enzymatic activity, and mineralization.

Main Methods:

Utilized a software-driven Random Positioning Machine (RPM SW) to simulate partial gravity.
Exposed osteoblasts to simulated Mars (0.38g), Moon (0.16g), and microgravity (~10 -3g) conditions.
Conducted short-term (6 days) and long-term (21 days) cell cultures.

Main Results:

Short-term cultures showed dose-dependent reductions in proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity.
Long-term cultures revealed dose-dependent inhibition of mineralization.
Key osteogenic gene expression exhibited a threshold response, significantly inhibited at Mars gravity and not further reduced at Moon or microgravity levels.

Conclusions:

Osteoblast function impairment is graded with decreasing simulated gravity.
Reduced gene expression shows a distinct threshold behavior compared to proliferation, ALP activity, and mineralization.
Findings are relevant for understanding Lunar and Martian gravity's impact on bone health for space exploration.