Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

726
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
726
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

55.9K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
55.9K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.5K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
6.5K
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

2.6K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.6K
Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

8.0K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
8.0K
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

2.0K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sex-specific analysis of early disease course and treatment in a German multiple sclerosis cohort.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026
Same author

Treatment approaches to patients with multiple sclerosis and coexisting psoriasis - A longitudinal multicenter observational cohort study.

Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·2026
Same author

CSF Proteins Associated With Neuroaxonal Damage in Early Active Multiple Sclerosis.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Neurons differentially upregulate type 2 immune cytokines and interleukin-4 receptor subtypes during neuroinflammation.

Acta neuropathologica communications·2026
Same author

Choroid plexus enlargement associates with serum neurofilament and predicts relapse-free progression in multiple sclerosis.

Cell reports. Medicine·2026
Same author

In silico screening and preclinical validation identify bavisant as a therapeutic candidate for multiple sclerosis.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same journal

Multimodal mapping of balance dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: a consensus roadmap for research and intervention.

Current opinion in neurology·2026
Same journal

Tourette syndrome: brain neurophysiology, circuit dysfunction, and neuromodulation across invasive and noninvasive approaches.

Current opinion in neurology·2026
Same journal

Dystonia: from phenotypes to genetics and therapeutic advances.

Current opinion in neurology·2026
Same journal

What can we learn from eye movements in movement disorders and Parkinson's disease?

Current opinion in neurology·2026
Same journal

Functional movement disorders: diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Current opinion in neurology·2026
Same journal

Galectins in the brain: advances in neuroinflammation, neuroprotection and therapeutic opportunities: Erratum.

Current opinion in neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

58.2K

Progression in multiple sclerosis - a long-term problem.

Stefan Bittner1, Frauke Zipp

  • 1Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Current Opinion in Neurology
|June 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeting progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) involves understanding CNS pathology and utilizing biomarkers for early detection. Novel treatments aim for neuroprotection, myelin repair, and modulating inflammation, offering hope for managing advanced disease.

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.6K
Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
08:11

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: November 14, 2016

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

58.2K
Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.6K
Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
08:11

Measuring Progressive Neurological Disability in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: November 14, 2016

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neurobiology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) disability progression is linked to central nervous system (CNS) pathology, evident in later disease stages.
  • Relapse-remitting and progressive MS are increasingly understood as intertwined, leading to concepts like 'progression independent of relapse activity'.
  • Early identification of progressive MS risk is improving with molecular (neurofilament light chain) and imaging (paramagnetic rim lesions) biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss current views and concepts for targeting progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To highlight novel treatment strategies for progressive MS.
  • To review advancements in understanding and managing MS progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical concepts and emerging biomarkers for MS progression.
  • Discussion of novel therapeutic approaches targeting neuroprotection, myelin repair, and CNS inflammation.
  • Analysis of recent clinical trial outcomes and future study designs.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers like neurofilament light chain and paramagnetic rim lesions aid in earlier identification of patients at risk for progressive MS.
  • Multiple novel treatment strategies are under investigation, focusing on neuroprotection, remyelination, and modulating CNS inflammation.
  • Despite some trial setbacks, valuable insights are gained for designing future clinical studies in progressive MS.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting progressive MS biology and repairing damage are key challenges.
  • Modulating compartmentalized CNS inflammation, potentially in combination with neuroprotective or myelin-regenerating strategies, represents a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Continued research and innovative trial designs are crucial for developing effective treatments for progressive MS.