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Cement Embolism following Vertebroplasty: a case report
Carmine Siniscalchi1, Enrico Epifani2, Manuela Basaglia3
1Parma University Hospital. csiniscalchi84@gmail.com.
Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|June 8, 2022
Summary
Vertebroplasty, a procedure to stabilize the spine using cement, can rarely lead to cement pulmonary embolism. This study highlights a case and discusses management strategies based on patient symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Cardiopulmonary Medicine
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Vertebroplasty involves injecting polymethylmethacrylate cement into vertebral bodies for enhanced stability.
- While generally safe, the procedure carries a risk of cement fragment migration due to vascularization.
- The paravertebral and extradural venous plexuses can facilitate cement embolism.
Observation:
- A case of cement pulmonary embolism is described in a 75-year-old female post-vertebroplasty.
- Chest CT scan revealed multiple hyperdensities indicative of cement pulmonary emboli.
- The patient's condition and imaging findings suggest migration of cement fragments.
Findings:
- Cement pulmonary embolism is a potential complication of vertebroplasty.
- The high vascularity surrounding the spine aids in cement fragment dissemination.
- Diagnosis is confirmed via imaging, such as CT scans.
Implications:
- Therapeutic approaches vary based on clinical severity.
- Asymptomatic patients may be managed with clinical surveillance or prophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH).
- Symptomatic cases warrant active treatment, though specific interventions are not detailed here.
