The application of technology to improve cognition in older adults: A review and suggestions for future directions

The rapidly increasing worldwide population of older adults, along with the increasing prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia in this population, is a growing health-care problem. As such, advances in technology-based cognitive interventions and games are playing an increasingly key role in preserving and improving older adults' cognitive function, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when opportunities for face-to-face activities or training are few. In this paper, we summarize from previous studies systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the various types of technology used in cognitive interventions (namely, computerized cognitive training, virtual-reality interventions and robot-assisted interventions) and the empirical evidence on the effects of these technologies on global and specific cognitive functions in healthy and clinical populations of older adults (e.g., older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia). We also describe older adults' perceptions, experiences and acceptance of these technologies. Finally, we discuss the limitations, challenges and future avenues of research in this field.