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Spontaneous splenic rupture from indeterminate dendritic cell proliferation: a case report
Shaikh B Iqbal1, Abhinandan R Chittal1, Shiavax J Rao1
1Department of Medicine, MedStar Health Internal Medicine Residency Program, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|June 10, 2022
Summary
Spontaneous splenic rupture is a rare but serious condition. This case highlights a ruptured spleen caused by an unusual neoplastic dendritic cell disorder, indeterminate cell tumor.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Radiology
Background:
- Spontaneous splenic rupture is a rare, life-threatening event often linked to various underlying conditions.
- Indeterminate cell tumor is a poorly understood neoplastic dendritic cell disorder with uncertain origins.
Observation:
- A 73-year-old male presented with abdominal pain following an unwitnessed fall.
- Computed tomography angiography revealed splenomegaly and a significant ruptured splenic subcapsular hematoma.
Findings:
- Emergency laparotomy confirmed a large hemoperitoneum and a ruptured spleen.
- Microscopic examination identified numerous small nodules consistent with a proliferation of indeterminate dendritic cell tumors.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering rare neoplastic conditions in the differential diagnosis of spontaneous splenic rupture.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis and clinical behavior of indeterminate cell tumors.
