Diverse polyacetylenes from Atractylodes chinensis and their anti-osteoclastogenesis activity

The phytochemical investigation on Atractylodes chinensis afforded 15 polyacetylenes 1-15 and one meroterpenoid 16. Of the 16 isolates, compounds 4 and 9 are new ones, and compounds 8 and 16 are first reported from nature. In addition, the relative configuration of 1 and the available NMR data of compounds 1, 8, and 16 were first provided. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of MS, UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopic data. Besides, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their effects on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in BMMs. Among them, polyacetylenes 12-14 showed potent inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.67 ± 0.05 μM, 0.72 ± 0.31 μM, and 2.40 ± 0.41 μM, respectively. The current work demonstrates the polyacetylenes are the main active constituents of A. chinensis against osteoclastogenesis.