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Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
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Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods
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Achieving Active and Stable Amorphous IrVOOH for Water Splitting.

Cheng-Long Ma1, Xue-Rui Yang1, Zhi-Qiang Wang2

  • 1School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

We synthesized a lutetium iridium oxyhydroxide catalyst, revealing that high-valence iridium (IrV) with cationic vacancies drives superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in acidic media, contrary to previous assumptions about IrIII species.

Keywords:
amorphouscation vacancyiridiumoxygen evolution reactionsurface reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Understanding amorphous iridium (Ir)-based oxides for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is challenging.
  • Previous studies linked higher OER performance in IrOOH to IrIII species, conflicting with theories favoring high-valence metals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve contradictions regarding the active species in Ir-based OER catalysts.
  • To investigate the role of electronic states and structural motifs in amorphous Ir oxyhydroxides.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of amorphous Lu1.25IrOOH catalyst.
  • Electrochemical evaluation in acidic and alkaline media.
  • Ex situ Ir L3-edge and O K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
  • Theoretical calculations.

Main Results:

  • Amorphous Lu1.25IrOOH exhibited ultrahigh OER performance in acidic media.
  • The enhanced activity was attributed to IrV species with a more d-hole-containing electronic state, induced by cationic vacancies.
  • IrIII species in Lu1.25IrOOH inhibited OER activity in alkaline media.
  • A high proportion of edge-shared [IrO]-[IrO] motifs provided OER stability comparable to IrO2.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic vacancies and the resulting IrV state are crucial for high OER activity in acidic media.
  • The edge-shared [IrO]-[IrO] motif is a key structural feature for stable OER performance.
  • This work provides a rational explanation for the high performance of many Ir-based OER materials.