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Quo vadis reactive arthritis?

Henning Zeidler1, Alan P Hudson2

  • 1Clinic of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|June 14, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Recent research highlights Human Leukocyte Antigen B27-associated reactive arthritis (ReA) and infection-related arthritides. Post-COVID-19 and vaccination-related arthritis are now recognized as forms of ReA, with new causative agents identified.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an inflammatory condition affecting joints, often triggered by infections.
  • Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is strongly associated with certain types of reactive arthritis.
  • Recent literature explores new understandings of ReA, including infection-related arthritides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent articles on HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis (ReA).
  • To discuss emerging infection-related arthritides classified under the umbrella of ReA.
  • To highlight new causative agents and clinical presentations of ReA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent articles on ReA.
  • Analysis of case reports and series on post-infectious and post-vaccination arthritis.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding causative agents and diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Post-COVID-19 and post-vaccination arthritis are increasingly reported and classified as ReA.
  • New causative microorganisms for ReA include *Clostridium difficile*, *Mycoplasma pneumoniae*, *Giardia lamblia*, *Leptospira*, and babesiosis.
  • SARS-CoV-2 is identified as a significant emerging etiologic agent for ReA.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive investigations are crucial for differentiating ReA from similar conditions.
  • Further research is needed on diverse causative agents, epidemiology, and rare presentations of ReA.
  • Development of new classification criteria, diagnostic tools, and treatment guidelines is essential for advancing ReA understanding.

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