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Human Echolocators Have Better Localization Off Axis.

Lore Thaler1, L J Norman1, H P J C De Vos2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Durham University.

Psychological Science
|June 14, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blind experts show improved target localization using echolocation off to the side, unlike regular human hearing. This suggests distinct acoustic cues are used in echolocation and spatial hearing.

Keywords:
batsbehaviorblindnesshearingpsychophysics

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Human Perception
  • Acoustic Psychology

Background:

  • Human spatial hearing typically performs best with targets directly ahead.
  • Echolocation, particularly click-based, is a skill developed by some blind individuals.
  • The acoustic cues underlying human echolocation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the echo-localization abilities of blind human experts.
  • To compare target localization performance at different off-axis angles.
  • To explore the acoustic mechanisms underlying expert echolocation.

Main Methods:

  • A psychophysical experiment was conducted with nine blind adult experts in click-based echolocation.
  • Participants' ability to localize targets at 0° (straight ahead) and 45° (off to the side) was assessed.
  • Emission intensity (mouth clicks) and localization acuity were measured.

Main Results:

  • Echolocators demonstrated better target localization acuity at 45° compared to 0°.
  • Lower intensity mouth clicks were used when targets were at 45° versus 0°.
  • Binaural-intensity signals may explain the improved off-axis localization, as these signals change more rapidly around 45°.

Conclusions:

  • Expert human echolocation performance is superior off-axis, contrasting with typical human spatial hearing.
  • This finding suggests that echolocation and source hearing may utilize different acoustic cues.
  • Human spatial hearing may possess more complex facets than previously recognized.