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Preprint citations are increasingly common in scientific articles, particularly in methods sections. Authors use distinct language when citing preprints versus peer-reviewed publications, indicating unique usage patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Bibliometrics
  • Scholarly Communication
  • Scientific Publishing

Background:

  • Preprints are gaining prominence in scientific research and citation practices.
  • Understanding preprint citation patterns is crucial for analyzing scientific dissemination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the trends, frequencies, and distributions of preprint citations.
  • To compare preprint citation contexts with those of peer-reviewed publications.
  • To examine variations in preprint usage across different preprint databases and journals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the PLOS corpus (approx. 240,000 articles up to Jan 2021).
  • Extraction and analysis of 8460 preprint citation contexts.
  • Lexicometric analysis comparing preprint and peer-reviewed citation language.

Main Results:

  • Preprint citations are most frequent in the Method section of articles.
  • PLOS Computational Biology shows a significantly higher rate of preprint citations.
  • bioRxiv is a dominant source for preprint citations in specific PLOS journals (e.g., Biology, Genetics, Pathogens).
  • Lexicometric analysis reveals distinct linguistic patterns in preprint citation contexts compared to peer-reviewed citations.

Conclusions:

  • Preprint citation patterns vary by journal and preprint database.
  • Authors employ different language when citing preprints, suggesting a distinct role in scholarly communication.
  • The findings highlight the evolving landscape of scientific information sharing and citation.