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Rapid Diagnosis of Avian Influenza Virus in Wild Birds: Use of a Portable rRT-PCR and Freeze-dried Reagents in the Field
Published on: August 2, 2011
Suspected Macrorhabdosis during a Concurrent Salmonellosis Outbreak in a Wild Yellow-Rumped Warbler (Setophaga
Kristina S Vuong1, Danielle Reel2,3, Kimberly M Newkirk2
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
Abstract:
We describe necropsy lesions of three adult Yellow-rumped Warblers (Setophaga coronata) diagnosed with salmonellosis during a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium outbreak. One warbler had filamentous organisms consistent with Macrorhabdus ornithogaster at the proventricular-ventricular isthmus. There is limited information on Macrorhabdus ornithogaster infections in wild North American birds.
Insights
Necropsy revealed salmonellosis in three Yellow-rumped Warblers during an outbreak. One bird also showed signs consistent with Macrorhabdus ornithogaster, highlighting a knowledge gap in wild bird infections.
Area of Science:
- Avian pathology
- Wildlife disease surveillance
- Microbiology
Background:
- Salmonellosis outbreaks can impact wild bird populations.
- Macrorhabdus ornithogaster is a known pathogen in some bird species.
- Limited data exists on M. ornithogaster in wild North American birds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe necropsy findings in Yellow-rumped Warblers with salmonellosis.
- To document potential co-infection with Macrorhabdus ornithogaster.
- To contribute to understanding avian disease in wild populations.
Main Methods:
- Necropsy examination of three Yellow-rumped Warblers.
- Histopathological assessment for infectious agents.
- Identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and filamentous organisms.
Main Results:
- All three birds exhibited lesions consistent with salmonellosis.
- Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was identified as the cause of the outbreak.
- Filamentous organisms resembling Macrorhabdus ornithogaster were observed in one bird's proventriculus.
Conclusions:
- Salmonellosis caused significant mortality in this Yellow-rumped Warbler population.
- The presence of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster warrants further investigation in wild birds.
- This case highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostics in wildlife disease outbreaks.
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