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BABY BOOM regulates early embryo and endosperm development.

Baojian Chen1, Lena Maas1,2, Duarte Figueiredo3

  • 1Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The BABY BOOM (BBM) gene regulates plant embryo development and seed growth. Ectopic BBM expression can trigger asexual embryo formation, bypassing fertilization in crops.

Keywords:
ArabidopsisBABY BOOMendospermparthenogenesiszygotic embryo

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Area of Science:

  • Plant developmental biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Reproductive biology

Background:

  • BABY BOOM (BBM) is an AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE (AIL) transcription factor known to induce asexual embryogenesis.
  • Limited information exists on BBM's role during normal zygotic embryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of BBM during zygotic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
  • To elucidate the roles of BBM and PLETHORA2 (PLT2) in seed development and asexual embryo formation.

Main Methods:

  • Reporter gene analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to create bbm and plt2 mutants.
  • Ectopic expression of BBM in Arabidopsis, Brassica napus, and Solanum lycopersicon egg cells.

Main Results:

  • BBM is expressed in the embryo, nucellus, and endosperm from the zygote stage.
  • bbm and plt2 mutants revealed individual roles in embryo progression timing.
  • BBM and PLT2 exhibit redundant roles in endosperm development and maintaining zygotic embryo development.
  • Ectopic BBM expression in egg cells bypassed fertilization, inducing embryo development in Arabidopsis and crop species.

Conclusions:

  • BBM and PLT2 play significant roles in seed development.
  • BBM is a key factor for engineering asexual embryo development in dicot species.
  • Understanding BBM function is crucial for improving plant reproductive strategies.