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Functional network and structural connections involved in picture naming.

Julien Jarret1, Perrine Ferré2, Georges Chedid1

  • 1Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada.

Brain and Language
|June 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals two brain pathways for picture naming: a ventral route for meaning and a dorsal route for speech. These findings offer a new neurocognitive model for how we name objects.

Keywords:
Diffusion MRIFunctional MRIMultimodal neuroimagingPicture namingTractography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • Picture naming is a complex cognitive task involving visual processing, semantic retrieval, and speech production.
  • Understanding the neural underpinnings of picture naming is crucial for deciphering language processing in the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the specific cortical regions and white matter fiber bundles in the left hemisphere involved in picture naming.
  • To elucidate the distinct neural pathways (ventral and dorsal) that support different aspects of the picture naming process.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to identify active brain regions.
  • Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) tractography to visualize and map white matter fiber pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identified a ventral pathway (middle occipital, inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, temporal pole) connecting visual input to meaning, supported by specific fasciculi (inferior fronto-occipital, inferior longitudinal, middle longitudinal, uncinate, extreme capsule).
  • Identified a dorsal pathway (inferior temporal, superior temporal, inferior frontal gyri, precentral gyrus, supplementary motor area) connecting auditory/phonological information to speech output, facilitated by the arcuate fasciculus and frontal aslant tract.
  • Demonstrated signal exchange at the temporal pole within the ventral pathway, supporting its role in linking visual form to meaning.

Conclusions:

  • Proposed a comprehensive neurocognitive model for picture naming based on integrated fMRI and dMRI data.
  • Supported the hypothesis that the ventral indirect route for picture naming involves the temporal pole.
  • Highlighted the pivotal roles of the inferior and superior temporal gyri within the dual-stream model of language processing.