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Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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The Retina01:32

The Retina

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The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Color Compensatory Mechanism of Chromatic Adaptation at the Cortical Level.

Hitomi Shimakura1, Katsuaki Sakata2

  • 1Shiseido Co., Ltd MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan.

I-Perception
|June 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cortical chromatic adaptation readjusts color perception based on daylight, even in older eyes. This mechanism suggests stored daylight information influences our neural color vision system.

Keywords:
chromatic adaptationcompensation mechanismneutral pointtemporal characteristics

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Area of Science:

  • Vision Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Chromatic adaptation involves temporal properties, ranging from short to long.
  • Understanding the temporal dynamics of chromatic adaptation is crucial for visual perception research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To dynamically measure the neutral point transition during chromatic adaptation.
  • To investigate the temporal characteristics of cortical chromatic adaptation.
  • To explore age-related differences in chromatic adaptation recalibration.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral retina exposed to yellow light for chromatic adaptation.
  • Neutral point transition measured at the fovea as a color aftereffect.
  • Experiments conducted with participants of varying ages.

Main Results:

  • Color aftereffect initially progressed but recovered despite ongoing adaptation.
  • Adaptation mechanism at the cortical level readjusts color appearance based on daylight.
  • Older eyes showed homologous behavior to younger eyes, with quantitative differences.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical chromatic adaptation readjusts color perception according to the daylight neutral point.
  • Daylight information may be stored within the neural mechanisms of color vision.
  • Color compensation function in older eyes appears robust to long-term chromatic adaptation.