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Effect of nutritional status on wound healing after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery

Muazama Zaffar1, Asma Afreen2, Muhammad Waseem3

  • 1Pakistan Naval Hospital, PNS Hafeez, Naval Complex, Islamabad, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|June 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pre-operative low albumin and poor blood glucose control negatively impact wound healing after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Nutritional intervention may reduce surgical risks and complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Nutritional Science
  • Wound Healing Research

Background:

  • Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a major cardiovascular procedure.
  • Post-operative wound healing is a critical factor influencing patient recovery and outcomes.
  • Pre-operative nutritional status may play a significant role in surgical wound healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the pre-operative nutritional status of patients undergoing CABG surgery.
  • To determine the impact of nutritional status on sternal wound healing post-CABG.
  • To identify specific nutritional markers associated with delayed wound healing.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective hospital-based study involving patients who underwent CABG surgery.
  • Assessment of pre-operative nutritional status, including dietary data and biochemical markers.
  • Evaluation of sternal wound healing as the primary outcome measure.
  • Statistical analysis using SPSS 21 to identify relationships between nutritional factors and wound healing.

Main Results:

  • A total of 314 patients completed the study; 16 (4.8%) died during hospitalization.
  • No significant relationship was found between body mass index and wound healing (p>0.05).
  • Significant associations were observed between pre-operative albumin levels, blood glucose control, and wound healing outcomes (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Low pre-operative albumin levels and inadequate blood glucose control are linked to delayed wound healing in CABG patients.
  • Optimizing nutritional status and glycemic control before surgery is crucial.
  • Pre-operative nutritional interventions may mitigate surgical complications and improve recovery.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, Body mass index, Sternal wound infection, Nutritional status.

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