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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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[Hepatocellular carcinoma].

Felix Braun1,2, Jost Philipp Schäfer3, Henrike Dobbermann4

  • 1Klinik für Allgemeine Chirurgie, Viszeral‑, Thorax- Transplantations- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Kiel, Deutschland. felix.braun@uksh.de.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treatment for liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) in cirrhosis patients now includes surgery, interventional methods, and systemic therapies. Treatment choice depends on tumor stage and liver function, aiming for a cure when possible.

Keywords:
Liver resectionLiver transplantationLocoregional therapyMultimodal therapyTransarterial chemoembolization

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary surgery
  • Interventional oncology
  • Medical oncology

Background:

  • The treatment landscape for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis has significantly evolved.
  • Therapeutic strategies are guided by tumor stage and underlying liver function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the expanded therapeutic spectrum for HCC in cirrhosis.
  • To highlight the importance of multimodal therapy planning and specialized tumor boards.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current surgical, interventional, and systemic treatment modalities for HCC.
  • Discussion of liver transplantation, locoregional therapies, and immunotherapy.
  • Emphasis on multidisciplinary tumor board decision-making.

Main Results:

  • Curative options include liver resection and transplantation, though transplantation faces organ availability limitations.
  • Locoregional therapies serve as bridges to transplant, for neoadjuvant down-staging, or palliative care.
  • Systemic and immunotherapies are options for advanced HCC stages.

Conclusions:

  • A curative strategy should be prioritized for initial HCC presentation.
  • Multimodal therapy planning, coordinated by specialized liver tumor boards, is crucial.
  • Therapies can be used independently or in combination, tailored to center expertise and patient condition.