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Updated: Sep 7, 2025

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
Published on: November 6, 2017
Global incidence of young-onset dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Stevie Hendriks1, Kirsten Peetoom1, Christian Bakker2,3
1Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Introduction:
Reliable data on the incidence rates for young-onset dementia (YOD) are lacking, but are necessary for research on disease etiology and to raise awareness among health care professionals.
Methods:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on population-based studies on the incidence of YOD, published between January 1, 1990 and February 1, 2022, according to Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Data were analyzed using random-effects meta-analyses. Results were age-standardized, and heterogeneity was assessed by subgroup analyses and meta-regression.
Results:
Sixty-one articles were included. Global age-standardized incidence rates increased from 0.17/100,000 in age 30 to 34 years, to 5.14/100,000 in age 60 to 64 years, giving a global total age-standardized incidence rate of 11 per 100,000 in age 30 to 64. This corresponds to 370,000 new YOD cases annually worldwide. Heterogeneity was high and meta-regression showed geographic location significantly influenced this heterogeneity.
Discussion:
This meta-analysis shows the current best estimate of YOD incidence. New prospective cohort studies are needed.
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