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Does Prior Night's Sleep Impact Next Day's Executive Functioning? It Depends on an Individual's Average Sleep Quality
Dian Yu1, Carolina Goncalves1, Pei-Jung Yang2
1Tufts University.
Journal for Person-Oriented Research
|June 20, 2022
Summary
Good sleep quality boosts executive functioning (EF) in youth, but the effect varies by individual. Understanding these personal sleep-EF links helps optimize learning and academic success.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Sleep Science
Background:
- Executive functioning (EF) comprises essential goal-directed cognitive skills vital for learning.
- Daily sleep quality variations may influence EF fluctuations in young individuals.
- Existing research often focuses on average effects, overlooking within-person dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the within-person relationship between prior night's sleep quality and next-day EF.
- To explore how individual differences in average sleep quality moderate the sleep-EF connection.
Main Methods:
- Employed an intensive longitudinal design with repeated assessments.
- Collected data from students in Grades 4-12 (N=73) over one semester.
- Utilized self-reported sleep quality and three behavioral EF tasks.
Main Results:
- On average, sleep quality did not significantly correlate with EF.
- Significant heterogeneity was observed in within-person sleep-EF associations.
- Average sleep quality moderated these relationships: better sleep improved EF for some, but impaired it for others.
Conclusions:
- Within-person sleep-EF dynamics are complex and person-specific.
- Tailoring interventions based on individual sleep patterns can enhance EF and academic outcomes.
- Recognizing personalized sleep-EF links is crucial for educators to support student learning.
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