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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence
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Tackling cellular senescence by targeting miRNAs.

Zehua Wang1,2, Jianwen Gao3,4, Congjian Xu1,2,5

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.

Biogerontology
|June 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cellular senescence drives inflammation and disease via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). MicroRNAs regulate SASP, offering potential therapeutic targets to inhibit senescence and treat aging-related diseases.

Keywords:
Aging-associated diseasesCancerMicroRNASASPSenescence

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest, is implicated in aging and disease.
  • The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) secreted by senescent cells promotes chronic inflammation and tissue deterioration.
  • SASP contributes to tumor promotion and exacerbates age-related conditions, necessitating targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of cellular senescence in cancer and aging.
  • To highlight the regulatory functions of microRNAs in the SASP.
  • To explore microRNAs as potential therapeutic targets for senescence inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cellular senescence, SASP, and microRNA regulation.
  • Analysis of microRNA's role in modulating SASP components and signaling pathways.
  • Examination of the therapeutic potential of targeting microRNAs in senescence.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs act as key posttranscriptional regulators of the SASP.
  • MicroRNAs influence senescence signaling, telomerase activity, and oxidative stress.
  • Targeting microRNAs offers a promising strategy for controlling SASP and senescence.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence presents a complex role in both promoting and potentially preventing cancer.
  • MicroRNAs are crucial in modulating the detrimental effects of SASP.
  • MicroRNA-based therapies hold potential for treating aging-associated diseases by inhibiting senescence.